An
Oracle Concerning Cush
Woe
to the land shadowing with wings, which is beyond the rivers
of Ethiopia: Isa. 18:1
shadowing
with wings... The
20th prophecy in Isaiah (Isa.
18:1-7,
unfulfilled). Next, Isa.
19:1.
The
20th Prophecy in Isaiah
Six
Predictions—Unfulfilled:
1.
Woe to the land shadowing with wings, beyond the rivers of Ethiopia
(Isa.
18:1).
2.
God will lift up a banner among the nations and they are commanded to
see it (Isa.
18:3).
3.
He will blow a trumpet among the nations and they are commanded to
hear it.
4.
The Lord will take His rest and consider in His dwelling place, and
the crops will not be harvested (Isa.
18:4-5).
5.
The crops will be left to the fowl and wild animals to feed on during
the summer and winter (Isa.
18:6).
6.
In that time—the time of the fulfillment of this woe—a present
shall be brought from this land to Mount Zion to the Lord of hosts
(Isa.
18:7).
Six
Proofs This Land Is Ethiopia
1.
"Shadowing with wings" (Isa.
18:1). The Hebrew: for shadowing is tselatsal,
translated elsewhere "locust" (Deut.
28:42); "cymbals" (2Sa.
6:5; Psm.
150:5); and "spears" (Job.
41:7). The Hebrew: for "wings" is kanaph,
edge; extremity; wing; flap; pinnacle; overspreading. The term
literally means whirring of wings, but to what it refers is not
clear.
2.
"Which is beyond the rivers of Ethiopia" (Isa.
18:1). To make this chapter a
prophecy of the United States on the assumption that the wings refer
to the eagle, the country’s emblem, is to fall into the error of
inventing foolish and fantastic theories to suit the imagination. The
land referred to is definitely beyond, over against, or on the other
side of the rivers of Ethiopia, which clearly identifies it as
Ethiopia and the Egyptian Sudan. Regarding wings, it is known that
Ethiopia is one of the homes of the dreaded tsetse fly. As to rivers
it is located between the White Nile and the Blue Nile. See Zeph.
3:10.
3.
"That sendeth ambassadors by the sea, even in vessels of
bulrushes" (Isa.
18:2). This further locates the
country in the vicinity of the Nile. The word "sea" in
Scripture is used of various bodies of water, including the Nile
(Isa.
19:5) and the Euphrates (Jer.
51:36). That the Nile is
referred to is clear from the fact that bulrushes or papyrus plants
grew only on this river, and it was common for bulrush boats to be
seen on it (Isa.
18:2; Exo. 2:3; cp. Eze.
30:9). Sometime bundles of the
plant were bound together making a raft; sometimes the leaves were
plaited basket-fashion and coated with tar (Exo.
2:3).
4.
"A nation scattered and peeled" (Isa.
18:2, Isa. 18:7). The Hebrew
for scattered is mashak,
to stretch out; to prolong; to develop; to be tall. Peeled is from
the Hebrew: mowrat,
to make smooth, bright or furbished (1Ki.
7:45; Eze. 21:10-11). This
could read "tall and smooth," or "tall and bronzed."
5.
A people terrible from their beginning (Isa.
18:2, 18:7), a nation meted out
and trodden down (underfoot)"—or, more correctly translated,
"a nation terrible in all its history as stretching lines over
others, marking them out for destruction" (Isa.
18:2, 18:7). This is the only
idea in harmony with the other statements of this nation. The
Berkeley reads: "a people dreaded near and far, that conquers
and treads down"; Moffatt: "A terror far and near, a sturdy
race of conquerors"; Fenton: "a terrible race in its past
and its future, a disciplined dominant people"; Young: "Unto
a people fearful from its beginning and onwards, a nation meting out
by line, and treading down"; Rotherham: "Unto a people
terrible from their beginning and onwards,—a nation most mighty and
subduing."
6.
"Whose land the rivers have spoiled" (Isa.
18:2, 18:7); that is, whose
lands the rivers have washed away. This is particularly true of
Ethiopia, the Egyptian Sudan and regions above the cataracts of the
Nile. Branches of the Nile continually wash away the banks and
deposit the dirt on the lands of the lower Egypt.
The
Hebrew: howy is translated woe 36 times
(Isa. 5:8,
5:11, 5:18, 5:20, 5:21, 5:22; 10:1; 17:12; 28:1; 29:1, 29:15; 30:1;
31:1; 33:1; 45:9-10), but ho only 4 times (Ruth
4:1; Isa. 55:1; Zec. 2:6). Woe is used here of a
judgment, not just calling attention to something. It is one of many
woes pronounced upon various nations in this section (Isaiah
13:1-23:18).
That
sendeth ambassadors by the sea, even in vessels of bulrushes upon the
waters, saying, Go, ye swift
messengers, to a nation scattered and peeled, to a people terrible
from their beginning hitherto; a nation meted out and trodden down,
whose land the rivers have spoiled! Isa. 18:2
ambassadors...
Apparently
the Cushites sent envoys
in swift-moving papyrus
boats
(cf. Job.
9:26)
to suggest that Israel form an alliance with them against the
Assyrians.
ye
swift messengers... Here God commanded these ambassadors to return
home to their own people instead of going to another nation.
to
a nation... None of these details could possibly describe the United
States, as some would interpret Isa.
18:1-7.
In fact, not one passage in Scripture mentions the United States in
particular. This passage describes Ethiopia (we saw earlier Six
Proofs that This Land Is Ethiopia) and to force another meaning into
it is unscriptural.
All
ye inhabitants of the world, and dwellers on the earth, see ye, when
he lifteth up an ensign on the mountains; and when he bloweth a
trumpet, hear ye. Isa. 18:3
All
ye inhabitants... Two things all men are
commanded to do:
1.
See when God lifts up the banner on the mountains (Isa.
11:10 see below).
2.
Hear when He blows a trumpet.
The
ensign refers to a standard or a banner around which the nations
shall rally. The Messiah Himself will be the rallying point of all
nations. To Him they will come and in Him they will put their trust
(Isa. 11:10, 11:12; 30:17; 31:9;
cp. Isa. 49:22; 59:19; 62:10).
and
dwellers...
The
prophet exhorted the Cushites to go back home and not try to form an
alliance because the Lord would defeat the enemy at the proper time.
The Cushites represented all the people of the world who desired to
see the Assyrians fall. But the Lord promised through Isaiah that
when the time would come to fight the Assyrians they would know it
and would see the enemy fall.
he
lifted up...
He—God
will lift up a banner. The only one He predicts to lift up is the
Messiah Himself as the rallying point of all nations, which
identifies this passage as yet unfulfilled (Isa.
11:10).
Many will not rally to Christ but will first oppose Him, being led by
Antichrist (Zec.
14:1-21; Rev. 16:13-16; 19:11-21).
He
bloweth...
He—God
will blow a trumpet at the second coming of Christ (Joe.
2:1; Zec. 9:14).
For
so the LORD said unto me, I will take my rest, and I will consider in
my dwelling place like a clear heat upon herbs, and
like a cloud of dew in the heat of harvest. Isa.
18:4
Future
Defeat of Ethiopia
For
so the Lord... God
has made clear His purpose to punish the Ethiopians described in Isa.
18:1-2, 18:7.
These people will be making plans against God and Israel, and will be
mobilized with other nations under Antichrist to fight in the battle
of Armageddon. The Ethiopians will be at his steps (Dan.
11:40-45).
It is revealed here that they will all be defeated, and the manner in
which it will be done is shown. God will sit calmly while these
preparations are being made—as the sun shines on the earth while
the crops are growing, and the dew gently falls in the heat of
harvest (Isa.
18:4)
For
afore the harvest, when the bud is perfect, and the sour grape is
ripening in the flower, he shall both cut off the sprigs with pruning
hooks, and take away and
cut down the branches. Isa
18:5
For
afore the... But
before their plans are completed, He will suddenly interfere and
destroy them like one appearing before the harvest is ripe and
cutting it down (Isa.
18:5).
God comforts Judah here by showing that when the nations are gathered
to destroy them He will undertake for them and destroy their enemies
(Isa.
18:4-5).
cut
off the sprigs... God
will destroy the Ethiopians and other nations under Antichrist, as
one would cut off sprigs with the pruning hook and take away the
branches before they bear a crop.
They
shall be left together unto the fowls of the mountains, and to the
beasts of the earth: and the fowls shall summer upon them, and all
the beasts of the earth shall winter upon them. Isa.
18:6
They
shall be left... The
nations destroyed at Armageddon will make meat for the fowls and
beasts of the field to eat for many months (Eze.
39:1-24; Luke 17:31-37; Rev. 19:17, 19:21).
all
the beasts... The bones of these enemies will remain unburied for
months, and the fowls of the air and beasts of the field will feed
upon them (Isa.
18:6).
All
this proves a latter-day fulfillment, for at no time in history has
this literally been fulfilled. Such is not only definitely predicted
here for the future, but in many other prophecies it states that at
Armageddon the Jews will be delivered from the Gentiles, including
the Ethiopians, and that the many slain on the battlefield will make
meat for the fowl and wild animals for seven months and longer (Isa.
18:4-6; Eze. 39:1-24; Dan. 11:40-45; Mat. 24:28-31; Luke 17:31-37;
Rev. 19:11-21).
In
that time shall the present be brought unto the LORD of hosts of a
people scattered and peeled, and from a people terrible from their
beginning hitherto; a nation meted out and trodden under foot, whose
land the rivers have spoiled, to the place of the name of the LORD of
hosts, the mount Zion. Isa.
18:7
In
that time... After the Assyrian defeat, the Lord
would cause the people of Cush (cf. Isa.
18:1-2) to take gifts to the
Lord at Mount Zion,
where His name dwelt (see Deut.
12:5). Whether this occurred
after the fall of Assyria is not known. Possibly Isaiah was speaking
of the millennial kingdom when peoples from around the world will
worship the
Lord (cf. Zec.
14:16) because of His gracious
acts.
The
present be brought...
When
Antichrist’s armies are destroyed and the Millennium begins
following Armageddon, the Ethiopians will submit to God and bring a
present to the Lord of hosts who will then be in Mount Zion and
Jerusalem establishing the kingdom of David over Israel and all other
nations (Isa.
9:6-7; Zec. 14:1-21; Luke 1:32-33;
Rev. 11-15; Rev.
20:1-10).