A
Living Sacrifice
I
beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye
present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God,
which
is
your reasonable service. Rom 12:1
I
beseech you...
Greek: parakaleo,
to call aside; make an appeal in view of certain facts. Here it is an
appeal in view of the wonderful doctrines of Romans 1-8 and of God’s
dispensational dealings with Jews and Gentiles in Romans 9-11. Paul
comes now to the practical application of the gospel to people
(Romans 12:1-15:7).
mercies
of God... Greek:
oiktirmos,
tender compassions. Here; 2Cor.
1:3; Phlp. 2:1; Col. 3:12; Heb. 10:28. See Mat. 9:36. The
gracious, extravagant, divine graces Paul expounded in the first
eleven chapters, including God’s love, grace, righteousness and the
gift of faith.
present
your bodies... People
are now to bring themselves to God instead of sacrifices to the altar
as of old. They are now to be wholly the Lord’s as were the former
sacrifices. Under
the Old Covenant, God accepted the sacrifices of dead animals. But
because of Christ’s ultimate sacrifice, those are no longer of any
effect. For those in Christ, the only acceptable worship is to offer
themselves completely to the Lord. Under God’s control, the
believer’s yet unredeemed body can and must be yielded to Him as an
instrument of righteousness.
living
sacrifice, holy... Fifteen
Commands about the Body.
1.
Yield it to God (Rom. 11:1; 6:13-20).
2.
Make it living sacrifice (Rom. 12:1).
3.
Make it holy (Rom. 12:1; 1Cor. 3:17).
4.
Make it accepted of God (Rom. 12:1).
5.
Make it full of light (Mat. 6:22).
6.
Reckon it dead to sin (Rom. 6:11).
7.
Reckon it alive to God (Rom. 6:11).
8.
Refuse its slavery to sin (Rom. 6:12).
9.
Mortify its deeds (Rom. 8:13).
10.
Refuse to defile it (1Cor. 3:17).
11.
Make it fit temple of Holy Spirit (1Cor. 3:16-17; 6:13-20).
12.
Make it free from fornication and only for the Lord (1Cor. 6:13-20).
13.
Glorify God in it (1Cor. 6:20).
14.
Keep it in control (1Cor. 9:27).
15.
Put off its sins (Col. 2:11).
your
reasonable service...
Rational worship, because performed with the heart, mind, and soul of
intelligent beings, and is in contrast to the worship of idols of
Rom. 1:25. Reasonable
is from the Greek for “logic.” In light of all the spiritual
riches, believers enjoy solely as the fruit of God’s mercies. It
logically flows that they owe God their highest form of service.
Understood here is the idea of priestly, spiritual service, which was
such an integral part of Old Testament worship.
Beseech
is a Greek word which comes from a root meaning to “call alongside
to help”.
1Pet.
2:5 “Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an
holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God
by Jesus Christ.”
Psm.
19:14 “Let the words of my mouth, and the meditation of my heart,
be acceptable in thy sight, O LORD, my strength, and my redeemer.”
We
can see from this that God expects our loyalty. We have been bought
and paid for with the precious blood of Jesus Christ. The least we
can do is live for Him since He ransomed us from death.
God’s
Righteousness Revealed in Transformed Living
Paul
divided several of his letters into two major sections, a doctrinal
portion and a practical one. He followed that pattern in this epistle
too, though the doctrinal part is more than twice as long as the
practical. (In both Eph. and Col. the doctrinal and the practical
sections are about equal in length.)
The
basic consecration
The
start of this practical section is indicated by Paul’s exhortation
I urge (the first word of Rom. 12:1 in the Gr. text). Therefore also
shows a transition (cf. “therefore” in Rom. 3:20; 5:1; 8:1). The
basis of Paul’s exhortation is God’s mercy (oiktirmōn,
rendered “compassion” in 2Cor. 1:3; Phlp. 2:1; Col. 3:12, and
“mercy” in Heb. 10:28). God’s compassion has been described in
detail in the first 11 chapters of Romans. The content of Paul’s
urging is to offer your bodies (cf. Rom. 6:13) as living sacrifices.
A Christian’s body is the temple of the Holy Spirit (1Cor.
6:19-20). In the KJV “offer” is translated “present” (Rom.
12:1) and “yield” (Rom. 6:13, 6:16, 6:19). The word “bodies,”
mindful of the Old Testament sacrifices, represents the totality of
one’s life and activities, of which his body is the vehicle of
expression. In contrast with Old Testament sacrifices this is a
“living” sacrifice. Such an offering is holy (set apart) and
pleasing (cf. “pleasing” in Rom. 12:2) to God. Furthermore, it is
spiritual (logikēn;
cf. 1Pet. 2:2) worship (latreian.)
Latreian
refers to any ministry performed for God, such as that of the priests
and the Levites. Christians are believer-priests, identified with the
great High Priest, the Lord Jesus Christ (cf. Heb. 7:23-28; 1Pet.
2:5, 2:9; Rev. 1:6). A believer’s offering of his total life as a
sacrifice to God is therefore sacred service. In the light of Paul’s
closely reasoned and finely argued exposition of the mercies of God
(Rom. 1-11), such an offering is obviously a desirable response for
believers.