Israel's Remnant Taunts Babylon
Isa 14:3 And it shall come to pass in the day that the LORD shall give thee rest from thy sorrow, and from thy fear, and from the hard bondage wherein thou wast made to serve,
and it shall come to pass...
הָיָה
hāyāh
A verb meaning to exist, to be, to become, to happen, to come to pass, to be done. It is used over 3,500 times in the Old Testament. In the simple stem, the verb often means to become, to take place, to happen. It indicates that something has occurred or come about, such as events that have turned out a certain way (1Sam. 4:16); something has happened to someone, such as Moses (Exo. 32:1, 32:23; 2Kgs. 7:20); or something has occurred just as God said it would (Gen. 1:7, 1:9). Often a special Hebrew construction using the imperfect form of the verb asserts that something came to pass (cf. Gen. 1:7, 1:9). Less often, the construction is used with the perfect form of the verb to refer to something coming to pass in the future (Isa. 7:18, 7:21; Hos. 2:16).
The verb is used to describe something that comes into being or arises. For instance, a great cry arose in Egypt when the firstborn were killed in the tenth plague (Exo. 12:30; cf. Gen. 9:16; Mic. 7:4); and when God commanded light to appear, and it did (Gen. 1:3). It is used to join the subject and verb as in Gen. 1:2 where the earth was desolate and void, or to say Adam and Eve were naked (Gen. 2:25). With certain prepositions, it can mean to follow or to be in favor of someone (Psm. 124:1-2). The verb is used with a variety of other words, normally prepositions, to express subtle differences in meaning, such as to be located somewhere (Exo. 1:5); to serve or function as something (e.g., gods Exo. 20:3); to become something or as something, as when a person becomes a living being (Gen. 2:7); to be with or by someone (Deut. 22:2); to be or come on someone or something (e.g., the fear of humans on the beasts Gen. 9:2); to express the idea of better than or a comparison (Eze. 15:2), as in the idea of too small (Exo. 12:4).
in the day... In the day—the second coming of Christ, the Millennium, and the New Earth forever—that the Lord shall give you Israel rest from all your sorrow, fear, and hard bondage you have endured among the Gentiles, then you shall sing a triumph song over the Antichrist, the future king of Babylon (Isa. 14:3-4).
יוֹם
yôm
A masculine noun meaning day, time, year. This word stands as the most basic conception of time in the Old Testament. It designates such wide-ranging elements as the daylight hours from sunrise to sunset (Gen. 1:5; 1Kgs. 19:4); a literal twenty-four hour cycle (Deut. 16:8; 2Kgs. 25:30); a generic span of time (Gen. 26:8; Num. 20:15); a given point in time (Gen. 2:17; 47:29; Eze. 33:12). In the plural, the word may also mean the span of life (Psm. 102:3,4) or a year (Lev. 25:29; 1Sam. 27:7). The prophets often infuse the word with end-times meanings or connotations, using it in connection with a future period of consequential events, such as the day of the LORD (Jer. 46:10; Zec. 14:1) or simply, that day (Isa. 19:23; Zec. 14:20-21).
that the Lord...
יְהוָֹה
yehōwāh
A noun meaning God. The word refers to the proper name of the God of Israel, particularly the name by which He revealed Himself to Moses (Exo. 6:2-3). The divine name has traditionally not been pronounced, primarily out of respect for its sacredness (cf. Exo. 20:7; Deut. 28:58). Until the Renaissance, it was written without vowels in the Hebrew text of the Old Testament, being rendered as YHWH. However, since that time, the vowels of another word, ’aḏōnāy, have been supplied in hopes of reconstructing the pronunciation. Although the exact derivation of the name is uncertain, most scholars agree that its primary meaning should be understood in the context of God's existence, namely, that He is the I AM THAT I AM (Exo. 3:14), the One who was, who is, and who always will be (cf. Rev. 11:17). Older translations of the Bible and many newer ones employ the practice of rendering the divine name in capital letters, so as to distinguish it from other Hebrew words. It is most often rendered as LORD (Gen. 4:1; Deut. 6:18; Psm. 18:31,32; Jer. 33:2; Jon. 1:9) but also as GOD (Gen. 6:5; 2Sam. 12:22) or JEHOVAH (Psm. 83:18,19; Isa. 26:4). The frequent appearance of this name in relation to God's redemptive work underscores its tremendous importance (Lev. 26:45; Psm. 19:14,15). Also, it is sometimes compounded with another word to describe the character of the Lord in greater detail (see Gen. 22:14; Exo. 17:15; Jdg. 6:24).
shall give thee rest...
נוּחַ
nûaḥ, מֻנָּח
munnāḥ
I. A verb indicating to rest, to pause. It has many uses. Its main uses are summarized here: (1) to rest, to settle, to settle down, e.g., of the ark (Gen. 8:4); of locusts on the crops (Exo. 10:14); of a spirit on a person (2Kgs. 2:15); of the Lord's Spirit (Num. 11:25-26); of birds (2Sam. 21:10); of the hand of the Lord on something (Isa. 25:10); of wisdom which rests in one's heart (Prov. 14:33). (2) It means to repose, to pause for rest after laboring (Exo. 20:11; 23:12; Deut. 5:14); freedom, respite from one's enemies (Est. 9:16). (3) It means to leave something as it is, at rest: the nations (Num. 32:15; Jdg. 2:23; 3:1; Jer. 27:11); to leave something behind (Gen. 42:33; 2Sam. 16:21). (4) It can have the sense of departing from a position (Ecc. 10:4); or of God's abandoning a person (Psm. 119:121; Jer. 14:9). (5) It can mean to leave alone, to let be, to not bother (Exo. 32:10; Hos. 4:17). (6) It has the sense of permit, to let a person do something (Jdg. 16:26). (7) It may mean, in its causative senses: (a) to cause to rest, to give rest to: to rest one's hands (Exo. 17:11); to give satisfaction to one's spirit, especially God's Spirit (Zec. 6:8); to calm someone (Prov. 29:17); it is used figuratively of letting a blessing rest, come down on a person, house, or family (Eze. 44:30). (b) To lay something down, to deposit it somewhere, such as stones (Jos. 4:3, 4:8); the ark (1Sam. 6:18); man, Adam (Gen. 2:15). In one passive usage, it is negated lō’ and refers to those who are given no respite (Lam. 5:5).
A masculine noun meaning free space, an open area. It refers to an area left open between two walls or rooms (Eze. 41:9).
bondage...
עֲבוֹדָה
‛aḇôḏāh, עֲבֹדָה
‛aḇōḏāh
A feminine noun meaning service, work. This word encompasses the wide variations of meaning of the English word work from delicate artistry to forced labor. The Egyptians made the Israelites do slave labor (Exo. 1:14); for certain feast days, the Israelites were not allowed to do any work (Lev. 23:7 ff.); different parts of the Tabernacle were considered to be in its service (Num. 4:26, 4:32); the descendants of Judah included workers of linen (1Chr. 4:21). God handed the Israelites into the hand of Shishak so they would learn the difference between serving Him and serving other kings (2Chr. 12:8). See the related Hebrew root ‛āḇaḏ .
Wherein...
אֲשֶׁר
’ašer
This word functions as (a) a relative pronoun meaning which, who, that or (b) a conjunction meaning that, because, so that, as, so that. The use of the word is determined by its function in the sentence in which it is used. Its basic usage: (a) a relative pronoun (Gen. 21:2; Deut. 1:22; Isa. 5:28; Hos. 3:1); a relative pronoun with a preposition prefixed (Gen. 21:17; Exo. 5:11; 33:12); or with nouns placed before ’ašer in the construct or of state, e.g., Gen. 39:20, The place where the king's prisoners were confined.
Thou wast made to serve...
עָבַד
‛āḇaḏ
A verb meaning to work, to serve. This labor may be focused on things, other people, or God. When it is used in reference to things, that item is usually expressed: to till the ground (Gen. 2:5; 3:23; 4:2); to work in a garden (2:15); or to dress a vineyard (Deut. 28:39). Similarly, this term is also applied to artisans and craftsmen, like workers in fine flax (Isa. 19:9); and laborers of the city (Eze. 48:19). When the focus of the labor is another person, that person is usually expressed: Jacob's service to Laban (Gen. 29:15); the Israelites' service for the Egyptians (Exo. 1:14); and a people's service to the king (Jdg. 9:28; 1Sam. 11:1). When the focus of the labor is the Lord, it is a religious service to worship Him. Moreover, in these cases, the word does not have connotations of toilsome labor but instead of a joyful experience of liberation (Exo. 3:12; 4:23; 7:16; Jos. 24:15, 24:18). Unfortunately, this worship service was often given to false gods (Deut. 7:16; 2Kgs. 10:18-19, 10:21-23).
A taunt against Babylon
The defeat of the tyrant
Isa. 14:3-21 record a song or a taunt that will be sung by people freed from the fear of the king of Babylon. The song’s overall message is that people will be amazed that this great king is cast down like the monarchs of other cities. People will rejoice in his demise for they had lived in fear of him.
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